@PhDThesis{Schumann:2016:EsRaAs,
               author = "Schumann, Carina",
                title = "Estudo dos raios ascendentes a partir de observa{\c{c}}{\~o}es 
                         de c{\^a}meras de alta resolu{\c{c}}{\~a}o temporal e de 
                         medidas de campo el{\'e}trico",
               school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
                 year = "2016",
              address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
                month = "2016-06-03",
             keywords = "raios ascendentes, raios em torres, raios em estruturas altas, 
                         upward flashes, flashes on towers, lightning flashes in tall 
                         structures.",
             abstract = "Nos {\'u}ltimos anos o interesse pelos raios ascendentes tem 
                         crescido muito com o crescente uso de estruturas altas associadas 
                         principalmente com torres de comunica{\c{c}}{\~a}o, 
                         edif{\'{\i}}cios altos e turbinas e{\'o}licas. Este trabalho 
                         descreve o estudo das caracter{\'{\i}}sticas e 
                         inicia{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos raios ascendentes, feito pela primeira 
                         vez, no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos. Durante o estudo foram 
                         realizadas 8 campanhas de aquisi{\c{c}}{\~a}o de dados. Para a 
                         caracteriza{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos raios ascendentes foram utilizados 
                         100 casos registrados por c{\^a}meras r{\'a}pidas. As 
                         caracter{\'{\i}}sticas observadas foram: dura{\c{c}}{\~a}o, 
                         ramifica{\c{c}}{\~o}es, presen{\c{c}}a de recoil leaders, 
                         intervalo entre descargas, pulsos de corrente cont{\'{\i}}nua 
                         inicial, entre outras. Tamb{\'e}m foram utilizados sensores de 
                         campo el{\'e}trico ambiente para determinar fase da tempestade em 
                         que os raios ascendentes se iniciaram e a sua influ{\^e}ncia no 
                         campo el{\'e}trico. Os dados de mapeamento tridimensional da 
                         descarga foram utilizados para verificar a propaga{\c{c}}{\~a}o 
                         das descargas matrizes que s{\~a}o respons{\'a}veis pela 
                         inicia{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos raios ascendentes. Foram elaboradas 
                         hip{\'o}teses para a inicia{\c{c}}{\~a}o do raio ascendente e 
                         obtiveram-se confirma{\c{c}}{\~o}es parciais das mesmas. 
                         ABSTRACT: Recently, the interest on upward flashes has increased, 
                         due to the recent increasing number of tall buildings, wind 
                         turbines, telecommunication towers, and man-made tall structures. 
                         The present study of upward flashes in Brazil and in United States 
                         allowed, for the first time, the characterization of upward 
                         flashes and its initiation. The data analyzed in this study was 
                         obtained during 8 campaigns. The characterization of upward 
                         flashes was based on a 100 cases registered by high-speed cameras. 
                         The characteristics observed were: duration, branching, presence 
                         of recoil leaders, interval between return strokes, pulses 
                         superimposed on the initial continuous current, etc. Also, 
                         electric field mill sensors were used to determine the 
                         thunderstorm phase that upward flashes occurred and their 
                         influence on the environment electric field. Data of the lightning 
                         mapping array was used to analyze the propagation of the 
                         triggering flashes i.e. responsible for triggering upward flashes. 
                         A hypothesis was elaborated for the initiation of upward flashes 
                         and a partial confirmation of them was obtained.",
            committee = "Batista, Inez Staciarini (presidente) and Saba, Marcelo 
                         Magalh{\~a}es Fares (orientador) and Ferro, Marco Antonio da 
                         Silva (orientador) and Naccarato, Kleber Pinheiro and Plantini, 
                         Alexandre and Lacerda, Moacir",
           copyholder = "SID/SCD",
         englishtitle = "Upward lightning flash characterization from high-speed camera 
                         videos and electric field measurements",
             language = "pt",
                pages = "178",
                  ibi = "8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3LKP8ML",
                  url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3LKP8ML",
           targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}